Curbing High Blood Sugar
Gymnemic acid, a compound found in bitter melon, has been shown to reduce sugar cravings. It also stimulates the production of beta cells in the pancreas, which in turn increases insulin production, helping to balance blood sugar levels.
Compounds in bitter melon can also block your gut from absorbing sugar, leading to lower blood sugar levels after meals.
A U.S. study demonstrated that bitter melon may also improve blood sugar control in people with type 2 diabetes. This can reduce serious long-term complications associated with the disease.
Reducing Cholesterol and Blood Pressure
Two Indian studies suggest that bitter melon can decrease blood fats, particularly LDL (bad) cholesterol, and prevent fat accumulation in the liver.
Bitter melon extract has been found to lower triglycerides and raise "good" cholesterol levels. High LDL cholesterol and triglycerides are risk factors for atherosclerosis and stroke. Regular consumption of this herb may, therefore, help prevent heart disease.
Compounds in bitter melon also increase the production of nitric oxide, a vasodilator. This helps relax the muscles in blood vessels, improving blood flow and potentially lowering blood pressure.
Supporting Weight Loss
A small 2004 study in moderately obese individuals using bitter melon extract showed a 5-6% reduction in body weight, along with a decrease in food intake. This is because the herb decreases sugar cravings, leading participants to eat fewer sweets and consume fewer calories, resulting in a calorie deficit and weight loss.
Other Benefits
Bitter melon also possesses anti-inflammatory properties, addressing the root cause of various health issues, including arthritis, diabetes, and heart disease.
How to Use Bitter Melon
Bitter melon can be consumed as tea after drying or as a powdered supplement made from dried leaves. To prepare bitter melon tea, boil 50g of dried leaves and stems in 1.5l of water for 10-15 minutes before consuming.
For the powdered form, start with a dosage of 2g, gradually increasing to 4g if needed or as directed by your healthcare provider. Bitter melon should be taken 15-20 minutes after meals for maximum blood sugar-lowering effects.
Precautions
Bitter melon may react negatively when boiled in metal cookware, so opt for glass or ceramic pots/flasks for safety. Ensure you correctly identify bitter melon to avoid confusion with other plants.
While generally safe for most people, children, pregnant and breastfeeding women, or those planning to conceive should not consume bitter melon. Additionally, people using blood sugar-lowering medications should consult a healthcare professional before use to avoid side effects such as headaches, nausea, dizziness, or shakiness.
Summary
Bitter melon, also known as Momordica charantia, is a valuable herb with various medicinal properties. Its anti-diabetic effects include blood sugar control, insulin production, and reduced sugar absorption. Additionally, bitter melon can lower cholesterol, reduce blood pressure, support weight loss, and combat inflammation. By incorporating bitter melon into your regimen, you can potentially improve overall health and well-being.